GAZ KONDENSATINING YENGIL FRAKSIYALARIDAN MOTOR YOQILG‘ILARI UCHUN OKSIGENAT KOMPONENTLARNI KATALITIK OLISH
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.66960/jof.3093-8899.00027Kalit so‘zlar:
oksigenat-benzin, gaz kondensati, katalitik oksidlash, MnO₂, H₃BO₃, oktan soni, ekologik yoqilg‘iAbstrakt
Maqolada gaz kondensatining yengil fraksiyalari asosida motor yoqilg‘ilari uchun oksigenat komponentlarni olish va qo‘llashning zamonaviy ilmiy-texnologik yondashuvlari ko‘rib chiqilgan. Tadqiqotning dolzarbligi ekologik jihatdan yaxshilangan benzin kompozitsiyalari uchun xomashyo bazasini kengaytirish, an’anaviy yuqori oktanli komponentlarga bo‘lgan bog‘liqlikni kamaytirish hamda O‘zbekistonning mahalliy uglevodorod resurslaridan yanada oqilona foydalanish zarurati bilan belgilanadi. Asosiy e’tibor Sho‘rtan gaz kondensatining 353–448 K fraksiyasini MnO₂ va H₃BO₃ oksid katalizatorlari ishtirokida yumshoq katalitik oksidlash orqali qayta ishlash imkoniyatiga qaratilgan. Tadqiqotning metodik asosi xomashyoni gidrodesulfurizatsiya qilish, bug‘-havo aralashmasini katalitik oksidlash, gidroksil, karbonil va kislota sonlarini aniqlash, oktan xususiyatlarini molekulyar refraksiya usuli bilan hisoblash, shuningdek oksigenat komponentning benzin kompozitsiyalarining ekspluatatsion va ekologik xossalariga ta’sirini baholash bo‘yicha ma’lumotlarni umumlashtirishdan iborat. Gidrodesulfurizatsiyadan so‘ng Sho‘rtan gaz kondensati tarkibida 43,2 mass.% parafin va 22,6 mass.% aromatik uglevodorodlar mavjudligi ko‘rsatildi, bu esa kislorod saqlovchi birikmalarning yo‘naltirilgan hosil bo‘lishi uchun qulay sharoit yaratadi. Eng samarali katalizator MnO₂ hisoblanadi: T = 393 K, P = 0,1 MPa, τ = 3,5 s va K = 0,35 sharoitida kislorod saqlovchi birikmalar chiqishi 18–21 mass.% ga yetadi, umumiy funksional son 247 ni, oksidatning hisobiy oktan soni esa 78–82 birlikni tashkil etadi. Bazaviy benzin fraksiyasi tarkibiga 15 hajm.% oksigenat-benzin kiritilishi aralashmaning hisobiy oktan sonini 82–85 birlikkacha oshiradi va CO chiqindilarini hisobiy jihatdan 12–16% ga kamaytirishi mumkin. Olingan natijalar gaz kondensatining yengil fraksiyalarini katalitik oksidlash motor yoqilg‘ilari uchun oksigenat komponentlarni mahalliy va texnologik jihatdan qulay yo‘l bilan olishda istiqbolli yo‘nalish ekanligini tasdiqlaydi.
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